Quantitative in vitro to in vivo extrapolation of genotoxicity data provides protective estimates of in vivo dose
Beal M. A. et al. (2023)
Genotoxicity assessment is a critical component in the development and evaluation of chemicals. Traditional genotoxicity assays (i.e., mutagenicity, clastogenicity, and aneugenicity) have been limited to dichotomous hazard classification, while other toxicity endpoints are assessed through quantitative determination of points-of-departures (PODs) for setting exposure limits.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Publications by others,ToxTracker
Beal M. A. et al. (2023) Genotoxicity assessment is a critical component in the development and evaluation of chemicals. Traditional genotoxicity assays (i.e., mutagenicity, clastogenicity, and aneugenicity) have been limited to dichotomous hazard classification, while other toxicity endpoints are assessed through quantitative determination of points-of-departures (PODs)...
Chemical and in vitro toxicological comparison of emissions from a heated tobacco product and the 1R6F reference cigarette
Hashizume T. et al. (2023)
It has previously been found that, compared with cigarette smoke, the aerosols generated by heated tobacco products contain fewer and lower harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) and elicit lower biological activity in in vitro models and lower smoking-related exposure biomarker levels in clinical studies.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Publications by others,Tobacco,ToxTracker
Hashizume T. et al. (2023) It has previously been found that, compared with cigarette smoke, the aerosols generated by heated tobacco products contain fewer and lower harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) and elicit lower biological activity in in vitro models and lower smoking-related exposure biomarker...
Utility of ToxTracker in animal alternative testing strategy for fragrance materials
Thakker Y. et al. (2023)
To determine the utility of the ToxTracker assay in animal alternative testing strategies, the genotoxic potential of four fragrance materials (2-octen-4-one, lauric aldehyde, veratraldehyde, and p-methoxy cinnamaldehyde) were tested in the ToxTracker assay. These materials have been previously evaluated in an in vitro as well as in vivo micronucleus assay, conducted as per OECD guidelines.
Tags: Cosmetics,Genotoxicity,Publications by others,ToxTracker
Thakker Y. et al. (2023) To determine the utility of the ToxTracker assay in animal alternative testing strategies, the genotoxic potential of four fragrance materials (2-octen-4-one, lauric aldehyde, veratraldehyde, and p-methoxy cinnamaldehyde) were tested in the ToxTracker assay. These materials have been previously evaluated in an...
Quantitative interpretation of ToxTracker dose-response data for potency comparisons and mode-of-action determination
Boisvert L. et al. (2023)
ToxTracker is an in vitro mammalian stem cell-based reporter assay that detects activation of specific cellular signaling pathways (DNA damage, oxidative stress, and/or protein damage) upon chemical exposure using flow cytometry.
Tags: Genotoxicity,ToxTracker
Boisvert L. et al. (2023) ToxTracker is an in vitro mammalian stem cell-based reporter assay that detects activation of specific cellular signaling pathways (DNA damage, oxidative stress, and/or protein damage) upon chemical exposure using flow cytometry. ...
Cytotoxicity Mechanisms of Eight Major Herbicide Active Ingredients in Comparison to Their Commercial Formulations
Ferguson S. et al. (2022)
Commercial pesticide formulations contain co-formulants, which are generally considered as having no toxic effects in mammals. This study aims to compare the toxicity of 8 major herbicide active ingredients-namely glyphosate, dicamba, 2,4-D, fluroxypyr, quizalofop-p-ethyl, pendimethalin, propyzamide and metazachlor-with a typical commercial formulation of each active ingredient.
Tags: Chemicals,Genotoxicity,Publications by others,ToxTracker
Ferguson S. et al. (2022) Commercial pesticide formulations contain co-formulants, which are generally considered as having no toxic effects in mammals. This study aims to compare the toxicity of 8 major herbicide active ingredients-namely glyphosate, dicamba, 2,4-D, fluroxypyr, quizalofop-p-ethyl, pendimethalin, propyzamide and metazachlor-with a typical commercial...
Exploring the molecular and functional cellular response to hydrazine via transcriptomics and DNA repair mutant cell lines
Crosby M. E. et al. (2022)
Hydrazine is a rodent carcinogen and is classified as a probable human carcinogen by IARC. Though hydrazine is positive in both in vitro and in vivo DNA strand break (comet) assays, hydrazine was reported to be negative in an in vitro mutation Muta Mouse lung epithelial cell (FE1) test, as well as in a regulatory-compliant, in vivo Big Blue mouse mutation test.
Tags: DNA Repair-Profiler,Genotoxicity,Publications by others
Crosby M. E. et al. (2022) Hydrazine is a rodent carcinogen and is classified as a probable human carcinogen by IARC. Though hydrazine is positive in both in vitro and in vivo DNA strand break (comet) assays, hydrazine was reported to be negative in an in...
Search for the optimal genotoxicity assay for routine testing of chemicals: Sensitivity and specificity of conventional and new test systems
Miˇsík M. et al. (2022)
Many conventional in vitro tests that are currently widely used for routine screening of chemicals have a sensitivity/specificity in the range between 60 % and 80 % for the detection of carcinogens. Most procedures were developed 30-40 years ago. In the last decades several assays became available which are based on the use of metabolically competent cell lines, improvement of the cultivation conditions and development of new endpoints.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Publications by others,ToxTracker
Miˇsík M. et al. (2022) Many conventional in vitro tests that are currently widely used for routine screening of chemicals have a sensitivity/specificity in the range between 60 % and 80 % for the detection of carcinogens. Most procedures were developed 30-40 years ago. In the...
The surfactant co-formulant POEA in the glyphosate-based herbicide RangerPro but not glyphosate alone causes necrosis in Caco-2 and HepG2 human cell lines and ER stress in the ToxTracker assay
Mesnage R. et al. (2022)
The toxicity of co-formulants present in glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) has been widely discussed leading to the European Union banning the polyoxyethylene tallow amine (POEA). We identified the most commonly used POEA, known as POE-15 tallow amine (POE-15), in the widely used US GBH RangerPro.
Tags: Chemicals,Genotoxicity,Publications by others,ToxTracker
Mesnage R. et al. (2022) The toxicity of co-formulants present in glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) has been widely discussed leading to the European Union banning the polyoxyethylene tallow amine (POEA). We identified the most commonly used POEA, known as POE-15 tallow amine (POE-15), in the widely used...
Beyond AOPs: A Mechanistic Evaluation of NAMs in DART Testing
Rajagopal R. et al. (2022)
New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) promise to offer a unique opportunity to enable human-relevant safety decisions to be made without the need for animal testing in the context of exposure-driven Next Generation Risk Assessment (NGRA). Protecting human health against the potential effects a chemical may have on embryo-foetal development and/or aspects of reproductive biology using NGRA is particularly challenging.
Tags: Developmental Toxicity,Publications by others,ReproTracker
Rajagopal R. et al. (2022) New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) promise to offer a unique opportunity to enable human-relevant safety decisions to be made without the need for animal testing in the context of exposure-driven Next Generation Risk Assessment (NGRA). Protecting human health against the potential effects...
Assessing the genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of 2-chloroethanol through structure activity relationships and in vitro testing approaches
Allemang A. et al. (2022)
The detection of 2-chloroethanol in foods generally follows an assumption that the pesticide ethylene oxide has been used at some stage in the supply chain. In this situation the Pesticide Residues in Food Regulation (EC) 396/2005 requires 2-chloroethanol to be assessed as if equivalent to ethylene oxide, which has been classified as a genotoxic carcinogen.
Tags: Consumer goods,Genotoxicity,ToxTracker
Allemang A. et al. (2022) The detection of 2-chloroethanol in foods generally follows an assumption that the pesticide ethylene oxide has been used at some stage in the supply chain. In this situation the Pesticide Residues in Food Regulation (EC) 396/2005 requires 2-chloroethanol to be assessed...
Genotoxicity assessment of potentially mutagenic nucleoside analogues using ToxTracker®
Brandsma I. et al. (2022)
Nucleoside analogues have long been designed and tested in cancer treatment and against viral infections. However, several early compounds were shown to have mutagenic properties as a consequence of their mode-of-action. This limited their use, and several have been discontinued for lengthy treatments or altogether.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Pharmaceuticals,ToxTracker
Brandsma I. et al. (2022) Nucleoside analogues have long been designed and tested in cancer treatment and against viral infections. However, several early compounds were shown to have mutagenic properties as a consequence of their mode-of-action. This limited their use, and several have been discontinued for...
A novel human stem cell-based biomarker assay for in vitro assessment of developmental toxicity
Jamalpoor A. et al. (2022)
Testing for developmental toxicity according to the current regulatory guidelines requires large numbers of animals, making these tests very resource intensive, time-consuming, and ethically debatable. Over the past decades, several alternative in vitro assays have been developed, but these often suffered from low predictability and the inability to provide a mechanistic understanding of developmental toxicity.
Tags: Developmental Toxicity,ReproTracker
Jamalpoor A. et al. (2022) Testing for developmental toxicity according to the current regulatory guidelines requires large numbers of animals, making these tests very resource intensive, time-consuming, and ethically debatable. Over the past decades, several alternative in vitro assays have been developed, but these often suffered...
TubulinTracker, a Novel In Vitro Reporter Assay to Study Intracellular Microtubule Dynamics, Cell Cycle Progression, and Aneugenicity
Geijer E. M. et al. (2022)
Aneuploidy is characterized by the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes and is a common hallmark of cancer. However, exposure to aneugenic compounds does not necessarily lead to cancer.
Tags: Genotoxicity,TubulinTracker
Geijer E. M. et al. (2022) Aneuploidy is characterized by the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes and is a common hallmark of cancer. However, exposure to aneugenic compounds does not necessarily lead to cancer....
A tiered approach to investigate the inhalation toxicity of cobalt substances. Tier 2 b: Reactive cobalt substances induce oxidative stress in ToxTracker and activate hypoxia target genes
Derr R. et al. (2022)
Consumer demands and innovation have led to an increasingly diverse range of nicotine delivery systems, driven by a desire to reduce risk associated with traditional combustible cigarettes. This speed of change provides a mandate for rapid new product assessment.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Metals,ToxTracker
Derr R. et al. (2022) Consumer demands and innovation have led to an increasingly diverse range of nicotine delivery systems, driven by a desire to reduce risk associated with traditional combustible cigarettes. This speed of change provides a mandate for rapid new product assessment. ...
Application of ToxTracker for the toxicological assessment of tobacco and nicotine delivery products
Smart D. et al. (2022)
Consumer demands and innovation have led to an increasingly diverse range of nicotine delivery systems, driven by a desire to reduce risk associated with traditional combustible cigarettes. This speed of change provides a mandate for rapid new product assessment.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Publications by others,Tobacco,ToxTracker
Smart D. et al. (2022) Consumer demands and innovation have led to an increasingly diverse range of nicotine delivery systems, driven by a desire to reduce risk associated with traditional combustible cigarettes. This speed of change provides a mandate for rapid new product assessment. ...
Comparative toxicogenomics of glyphosate and Roundup herbicides by mammalian stem cell-based genotoxicity assays and molecular profiling in Sprague-Dawley rats
Mesnage R. et al. (2021)
Whether glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are more potent than glyphosate alone at activating cellular mechanisms, which drive carcinogenesis remains controversial. As GBHs are more cytotoxic that glyphosate, we reasoned they may also be more capable of activating carcinogenic pathways.
Tags: Chemicals,Genotoxicity,Publications by others,ToxTracker
Mesnage R. et al. (2021) Whether glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are more potent than glyphosate alone at activating cellular mechanisms, which drive carcinogenesis remains controversial. As GBHs are more cytotoxic that glyphosate, we reasoned they may also be more capable of activating carcinogenic pathways....
Toxicity of stainless and mild steel particles generated from gas-metal arc welding in primary human small airway epithelial cells
Cediel-Ulloa A. et al. (2021)
Welding fumes induce lung toxicity and are carcinogenic to humans but the molecular mechanisms have yet to be clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of stainless and mild steel particles generated via gas-metal arc welding using primary human small airway epithelial cells (hSAEC) and ToxTracker reporter murine stem cells, which track activation of six cancer-related pathways.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Metals,Publications by others,ToxTracker
Cediel-Ulloa A. et al. (2021) Welding fumes induce lung toxicity and are carcinogenic to humans but the molecular mechanisms have yet to be clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of stainless and mild steel particles generated via gas-metal arc welding using...
Genotoxicity evaluation of 2,4-D, dicamba and glyphosate alone or in combination with cell reporter assays for DNA damage, oxidative stress and unfolded protein response
Mesnage R. et al. (2021)
The current generation of carcinogenicity tests is often insufficient to predict cancer outcomes from pesticide exposures. In order to facilitate health risk assessment, The International Agency for Research on Cancer identified 10 key characteristics which are commonly exhibited by human carcinogens.
Tags: Chemicals,Genotoxicity,Publications by others,ToxTracker
Mesnage R. et al. (2021) The current generation of carcinogenicity tests is often insufficient to predict cancer outcomes from pesticide exposures. In order to facilitate health risk assessment, The International Agency for Research on Cancer identified 10 key characteristics which are commonly exhibited by human carcinogens....
Empirical Comparison of Genotoxic Potency Estimations: The In Vitro DNA-Damage ToxTracker Endpoints versus the In Vivo Micronucleus Assay
Wills J. W. et al. (2021)
Genetic toxicology is an essential component of compound safety assessment. In the face of a barrage of new compounds, higher throughput, less ethically divisive in vitro approaches capable of effective, human-relevant hazard identification and prioritisation are increasingly important.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Pharmaceuticals,Publications by others,ToxTracker
Wills J. W. et al. (2021) Genetic toxicology is an essential component of compound safety assessment. In the face of a barrage of new compounds, higher throughput, less ethically divisive in vitro approaches capable of effective, human-relevant hazard identification and prioritisation are increasingly important....
Mode of action assessment of the genotoxic properties of antimony and its compounds evaluated in the ToxTracker assay
Boreiko, C. J., et al. (2021)
Antimony (Sb) and its compounds are negative in gene mutation assays in bacteria and cultured mammalian cells but positive in some assays for clastogenicity and/or DNA damage.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Metals,Publications by others,ToxTracker
Boreiko, C. J., et al. (2021) Antimony (Sb) and its compounds are negative in gene mutation assays in bacteria and cultured mammalian cells but positive in some assays for clastogenicity and/or DNA damage. ...
The in vitro ToxTracker and Aneugen Clastogen Evaluation extension assay as a tool in the assessment of relative genotoxic potential of e-liquids and their aerosols
Czekala, L., et al. (2021)
In vitro (geno)toxicity assessment of electronic vapour products (EVPs), relative to conventional cigarette, currently uses assays, including the micronucleus and Ames tests.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Publications by others,Tobacco,ToxTracker ACE
Czekala, L., et al. (2021) In vitro (geno)toxicity assessment of electronic vapour products (EVPs), relative to conventional cigarette, currently uses assays, including the micronucleus and Ames tests....
A Case Study with Triazole Fungicides to Explore Practical Application of Next-Generation Hazard Assessment Methods for Human Health
van der Ven, L. T. M., et al. (2020)
The ongoing developments in chemical risk assessment have led to new concepts building on integration of sophisticated nonanimal models for hazard characterization. Here we explore a pragmatic approach for implementing such concepts, using a case study of three triazole fungicides, namely, flusilazole, propiconazole, and cyproconazole.
Tags: Chemicals,Genotoxicity,ToxTracker
van der Ven, L. T. M., et al. (2020) The ongoing developments in chemical risk assessment have led to new concepts building on integration of sophisticated nonanimal models for hazard characterization. Here we explore a pragmatic approach for implementing such concepts, using a case study of...
Aneugen Versus Clastogen Evaluation and Oxidative Stress-Related Mode-of-Action Assessment of Genotoxic Compounds Using the ToxTracker Reporter Assay
Brandsma, I., et al. (2020)
Understanding the mode-of-action (MOA) of genotoxic compounds and differentiating between direct DNA interaction and indirect genotoxicity is crucial for their reliable safety assessment. ToxTracker is a stem cell-based reporter assay that detects activation of various cellular responses that are associated with genotoxicity and cancer.
Tags: Genotoxicity,ToxTracker ACE,ToxTracker AO
Brandsma, I., et al. (2020) Understanding the mode-of-action (MOA) of genotoxic compounds and differentiating between direct DNA interaction and indirect genotoxicity is crucial for their reliable safety assessment. ToxTracker is a stem cell-based reporter assay that detects activation of various cellular responses that are associated with...
ToxTracker Reporter Cell Lines as a Tool for Mechanism-Based (geno)Toxicity Screening of Nanoparticles-Metals, Oxides and Quantum Dots
McCarrick, S., et al. (2020)
The increased use of nanoparticles (NPs) requires efficient testing of their potential toxic effects. A promising approach is to use reporter cell lines to quickly assess the activation of cellular stress response pathways. This study aimed to use the ToxTracker reporter cell lines to investigate (geno)toxicity of various metal- or metal oxide NPs and draw general conclusions on NP-induced effects, in combination with our previous findings.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Metals,Nanomaterials,ToxTracker
McCarrick, S., et al. (2020) The increased use of nanoparticles (NPs) requires efficient testing of their potential toxic effects. A promising approach is to use reporter cell lines to quickly assess the activation of cellular stress response pathways. This study aimed to use the ToxTracker reporter...
Application of the adverse outcome pathway framework to genotoxic modes of action
Sasaki, J. C., et al. (2020)
In May 2017, the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute’s Genetic Toxicology Technical Committee hosted a workshop to discuss whether mode of action (MOA) investigation is enhanced through the application of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework. As AOPs are a relatively new approach in genetic toxicology, this report describes how AOPs could be harnessed to advance MOA analysis of genotoxicity pathways using five example case studies.
Tags: Genotoxicity
Sasaki, J. C., et al. (2020) In May 2017, the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute's Genetic Toxicology Technical Committee hosted a workshop to discuss whether mode of action (MOA) investigation is enhanced through the application of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework. As AOPs are...
A comparison of classical and 21st century genotoxicity tools: A proof of concept study of 18 chemicals comparing in vitro micronucleus, ToxTracker and genomics-based methods (TGx-DDI, whole genome clustering and connectivity mapping)
Allemang, A. et al. (2020)
A key step in the risk assessment process of a substance is the assessment of its genotoxic potential. Irrespective of the industry involved, current approaches rely on combinations of two or three in vitro tests and while highly sensitive, their specificity is thought to be limited.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Publications by others,ToxTracker
Allemang, A. et al. (2020) A key step in the risk assessment process of a substance is the assessment of its genotoxic potential. Irrespective of the industry involved, current approaches rely on combinations of two or three in vitro tests and while highly sensitive, their specificity...
An approach for the extract generation and toxicological assessment of tobacco-free ‘modern’ oral nicotine pouches
Bishop, E. et al. (2020)
Tobacco-free ‘modern’ oral nicotine pouches (MOPs), are similar in appearance and use to Swedish-style snus, but without tobacco. There are few identified methods to create test samples for toxicologically assessment of MOPs in vitro. In this study we present a simple method for the extraction of pouch material in cell culture media, providing consistent nicotine concentration and easy in vitro assessment.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Publications by others,Tobacco,ToxTracker
Bishop, E. et al. (2020) Tobacco-free 'modern' oral nicotine pouches (MOPs), are similar in appearance and use to Swedish-style snus, but without tobacco. There are few identified methods to create test samples for toxicologically assessment of MOPs in vitro. In this study we present a simple...
A Next-Generation Risk Assessment Case Study for Coumarin in Cosmetic Products
Baltazar, M. T., et al. (2020)
Next-Generation Risk Assessment is defined as an exposure-led, hypothesis-driven risk assessment approach that integrates new approach methodologies (NAMs) to assure safety without the use of animal testing. These principles were applied to a hypothetical safety assessment of 0.1% coumarin in face cream and body lotion.
Tags: Cosmetics,Genotoxicity,Publications by others,ToxTracker
Baltazar, M. T., et al. (2020) Next-Generation Risk Assessment is defined as an exposure-led, hypothesis-driven risk assessment approach that integrates new approach methodologies (NAMs) to assure safety without the use of animal testing. These principles were applied to a hypothetical safety assessment of 0.1% coumarin in...
Towards grouping concepts based on new approach methodologies in chemical hazard assessment: the read-across approach of the EU-ToxRisk project
Escher, S. E., et al. (2019)
Read-across is one of the most frequently used alternative tools for hazard assessment, in particular for complex endpoints such as repeated dose or developmental and reproductive toxicity. Read-across extrapolates the outcome of a specific toxicological in vivo endpoint from tested (source) compounds to “similar” (target) compound(s)
Tags: Chemicals,Developmental Toxicity,Genotoxicity,Publications by others
Escher, S. E., et al. (2019) Read-across is one of the most frequently used alternative tools for hazard assessment, in particular for complex endpoints such as repeated dose or developmental and reproductive toxicity. Read-across extrapolates the outcome of a specific toxicological in vivo endpoint from tested...
High variability in toxicity of welding fume nanoparticles from stainless steel in lung cells and reporter cell lines: the role of particle reactivity and solubility
McCarrick, S., et al. (2019)
Millions of people in the world perform welding as their primary occupation resulting in exposure to metal-containing nanoparticles in the fumes generated. Even though health effects including airway diseases are well-known, there is currently a lack of studies investigating how different welding set-ups and conditions affect the toxicity of generated nanoparticles of the welding fume.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Metals,ToxTracker
McCarrick, S., et al. (2019) Millions of people in the world perform welding as their primary occupation resulting in exposure to metal-containing nanoparticles in the fumes generated. Even though health effects including airway diseases are well-known, there is currently a lack of studies investigating how different...
The mechanism-based toxicity screening of particles with use in the food and nutrition sector via the ToxTracker reporter system
Brown, D. M., et al. (2019)
The rapid expansion of the incorporation of nano-sized materials in consumer products overlaps with the necessity for high-throughput reliable screening tools for the identification of the potential hazardous properties of the nanomaterials. The ToxTracker assay (mechanism-based reporter assay based on embryonic stem cells that uses GFP-tagged biomarkers for detection of DNA damage, oxidative stress and general cellular stress) is one such tool, which could prove useful in the field of particle toxicology allowing for high throughput screening.
Tags: Food & Beverages,Genotoxicity,ToxTracker
Brown, D. M., et al. (2019) The rapid expansion of the incorporation of nano-sized materials in consumer products overlaps with the necessity for high-throughput reliable screening tools for the identification of the potential hazardous properties of the nanomaterials. The ToxTracker assay (mechanism-based reporter assay based on...
Mechanistic insight into reactivity and (geno)toxicity of well-characterized nanoparticles of cobalt metal and oxides
Cappellini, F., et al. (2018)
An increasing use of cobalt (Co)-based nanoparticles (NPs) in different applications and exposures at occupational settings triggers the need for toxicity assessment. Improved understanding regarding the physiochemical characteristics of Co metal NPs and different oxides in combination with assessment of toxicity and mechanisms may facilitate decisions for grouping during risk assessment.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Metals,Nanomaterials,ToxTracker
Cappellini, F., et al. (2018) An increasing use of cobalt (Co)-based nanoparticles (NPs) in different applications and exposures at occupational settings triggers the need for toxicity assessment. Improved understanding regarding the physiochemical characteristics of Co metal NPs and different oxides in combination with assessment of toxicity...
Genotoxic and mutagenic properties of Ni and NiO nanoparticles investigated by comet assay, γ-H2AX staining, Hprt mutation assay and ToxTracker reporter cell lines
Åkerlund, E., et al. (2018)
Nickel (Ni) compounds are classified as carcinogenic to humans but the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Furthermore, effects related to nanoparticles (NPs) of Ni have not been fully elucidated.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Metals,ToxTracker
Åkerlund, E., et al. (2018) Nickel (Ni) compounds are classified as carcinogenic to humans but the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Furthermore, effects related to nanoparticles (NPs) of Ni have not been fully elucidated. ...
Good cell culture practices & in vitro toxicology
Eskes, C., et al. (2017)
Good Cell Culture Practices (GCCP) is of high relevance to in vitro toxicology. The European Society of Toxicology In Vitro (ESTIV), the Center for Alternatives for Animal Testing (CAAT) and the In Vitro Toxicology Industrial Platform (IVTIP) joined forces to address by means of an ESTIV 2016 pre-congress session the different aspects and applications of GCCP.
Tags: Genotoxicity,ToxTracker
Eskes, C., et al. (2017) Good Cell Culture Practices (GCCP) is of high relevance to in vitro toxicology. The European Society of Toxicology In Vitro (ESTIV), the Center for Alternatives for Animal Testing (CAAT) and the In Vitro Toxicology Industrial Platform (IVTIP) joined forces to address...
An integrative test strategy for cancer hazard identification
Luijten, M., et al. (2016)
Assessment of genotoxic and carcinogenic potential is considered one of the basic requirements when evaluating possible human health risks associated with exposure to chemicals. Test strategies currently in place focus primarily on identifying genotoxic potential due to the strong association between the accumulation of genetic damage and cancer.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Publications by others,ToxTracker
Luijten, M., et al. (2016) Assessment of genotoxic and carcinogenic potential is considered one of the basic requirements when evaluating possible human health risks associated with exposure to chemicals. Test strategies currently in place focus primarily on identifying genotoxic potential due to the strong association...
The Vitotox and ToxTracker assays: A two-test combination for quick and reliable assessment of genotoxic hazards
Ates, G., et al. (2016)
To ensure safety for humans, it is essential to characterize the genotoxic potential of new chemical entities, such as pharmaceutical and cosmetic substances. In a first tier, a battery of in vitro tests is recommended by international regulatory agencies.
Tags: Genotoxicity,ToxTracker
Ates, G., et al. (2016) To ensure safety for humans, it is essential to characterize the genotoxic potential of new chemical entities, such as pharmaceutical and cosmetic substances. In a first tier, a battery of in vitro tests is recommended by international regulatory agencies. ...
Emerging metrology for high-throughput nanomaterial genotoxicology
Nelson, B. C., et al. (2016)
The rapid development of the engineered nanomaterial (ENM) manufacturing industry has accelerated the incorporation of ENMs into a wide variety of consumer products across the globe. Unintentionally or not, some of these ENMs may be introduced into the environment or come into contact with humans or other organisms resulting in unexpected biological effects. It is thus prudent to have rapid and robust analytical metrology in place that can be used to critically assess and/or predict the cytotoxicity, as well as the potential genotoxicity of these ENMs.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Nanomaterials,ToxTracker
Nelson, B. C., et al. (2016) The rapid development of the engineered nanomaterial (ENM) manufacturing industry has accelerated the incorporation of ENMs into a wide variety of consumer products across the globe. Unintentionally or not, some of these ENMs may be introduced into the environment or...
The Extended ToxTracker Assay Discriminates Between Induction of DNA Damage, Oxidative Stress, and Protein Misfolding
Hendriks, G., et al. (2016)
Chemical exposure of cells may damage biomolecules, cellular structures, and organelles thereby jeopardizing cellular homeostasis. A multitude of defense mechanisms have evolved that can recognize specific types of damaged molecules and will initiate distinct cellular programs aiming to remove the damage inflicted and prevent cellular havoc.
Tags: Genotoxicity,ToxTracker
Hendriks, G., et al. (2016) Chemical exposure of cells may damage biomolecules, cellular structures, and organelles thereby jeopardizing cellular homeostasis. A multitude of defense mechanisms have evolved that can recognize specific types of damaged molecules and will initiate distinct cellular programs aiming to remove the damage...
Mechanism-based genotoxicity screening of metal oxide nanoparticles using the ToxTracker panel of reporter cell lines
Karlsson, H. L., et al. (2014)
The rapid expansion of manufacturing and use of nano-sized materials fuels the demand for fast and reliable assays to identify their potential hazardous properties and underlying mechanisms. The ToxTracker assay is a recently developed mechanism-based reporter assay based on mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells that uses GFP-tagged biomarkers for detection of DNA damage, oxidative stress and general cellular stress upon exposure.
Tags: Genotoxicity,Nanomaterials,ToxTracker
Karlsson, H. L., et al. (2014) The rapid expansion of manufacturing and use of nano-sized materials fuels the demand for fast and reliable assays to identify their potential hazardous properties and underlying mechanisms. The ToxTracker assay is a recently developed mechanism-based reporter assay based on mouse...
Cellular-signaling pathways unveil the carcinogenic potential of chemicals
Hendriks, G., et al. (2013)
Most of the current in vitro carcinogenicity assays assess the potential carcinogenic properties of chemicals through the detection of inflicted DNA damage or subsequent chromosome damage and gene mutations. Unfortunately, these assays generally do not provide mechanistic insight into the reactive properties of a chemical.
Tags: Genotoxicity,ToxTracker
Hendriks, G., et al. (2013) Most of the current in vitro carcinogenicity assays assess the potential carcinogenic properties of chemicals through the detection of inflicted DNA damage or subsequent chromosome damage and gene mutations. Unfortunately, these assays generally do not provide mechanistic insight into the reactive...
The ToxTracker assay: novel GFP reporter systems that provide mechanistic insight into the genotoxic properties of chemicals
Hendriks, G., et al. (2012)
People are exposed to an ever-increasing number of chemical compounds that are developed by industry for a wide range of applications. These compounds may harmfully react with different cellular components and activate specific defense mechanisms that provide protection against the toxic, mutagenic, and possibly oncogenic consequences of exposure.
Tags: Genotoxicity,ToxTracker
Hendriks, G., et al. (2012) People are exposed to an ever-increasing number of chemical compounds that are developed by industry for a wide range of applications. These compounds may harmfully react with different cellular components and activate specific defense mechanisms that provide protection against the toxic,...
Sensitive DsRed fluorescence-based reporter cell systems for genotoxicity and oxidative stress assessment
Hendriks, G., et al. (2011)
Various in vitro test systems have been developed for genotoxic risk assessment in early drug development. However, these genotoxicity tests often show limited specificity, and provide limited insights into the mode of toxicity of the tested compounds. To identify genes that could serve as specific biomarkers for genotoxicity or oxidative stress, we exposed mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells to various genotoxic and oxidative stress-inducing compounds and performed genome-wide expression profiling.
Tags: Genotoxicity,ToxTracker
Hendriks, G., et al. (2011) Various in vitro test systems have been developed for genotoxic risk assessment in early drug development. However, these genotoxicity tests often show limited specificity, and provide limited insights into the mode of toxicity of the tested compounds. To identify genes that...
